Federal (Canada) privacy & access decisions

The complainant alleged that Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) failed to conduct a reasonable search for records related to reports and assessments by the Northgate Group. The investigation revealed that ECCC had overwritten an original draft report from the contractor by saving edits directly onto it, effectively destroying a contract deliverable that should have been preserved in a corporate repository. This action meant the original draft report no longer existed and could not be retrieved, irreversibly undermining the right of access. Although ECCC identified an additional 122 pages of records during the investigation, the destruction of the key draft report was a significant issue. The Commissioner found the complaint to be well founded due to ECCC's failure to preserve a record of business value, impacting the complainant's right of access. ECCC committed to implementing the Commissioner's recommendation for improved training and record-keeping practices.

• Whether Environment and Climate Change Canada conducted a reasonable search for records
• Whether a draft report from a contractor constituted a record of business value
• Whether the destruction of the original draft report by overwriting undermined the right of access

The complainant alleged that Library and Archives Canada (LAC) failed to conduct a reasonable search for an index containing information about all military personnel who served in World War II. The investigation revealed that LAC does not possess such a comprehensive index. While LAC holds paper-based World War II personnel records, these also include personnel from other conflicts and do not contain information on reservists. Furthermore, these records have not been digitized or used to create an electronic database from which a complete list could be generated. Although LAC can respond to requests for specific individuals, the Commissioner found that the institution does not have the requested index. Therefore, the Commissioner concluded that LAC's search was reasonable given the non-existence of the requested record.

• Whether Library and Archives Canada conducted a reasonable search for an index of all military personnel who served in World War II

The complainant alleged that Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) failed to conduct a reasonable search for driving data, including GPS data and driver logbook entries from its fleet vehicles, for three specific time periods. The OIC's investigation found that while NRCan's Office of Primary Interest conducted a search of corporate repositories, NRCan also had a responsibility to retrieve GPS data stored with a third-party data storage company. NRCan conceded that this data, though not in its physical possession, was under its control according to the Access to Information Act. Consequently, NRCan retrieved the GPS records and located additional logbook entries, which were subsequently provided to the complainant during the investigation. The Commissioner concluded that NRCan's initial search was not reasonable as it failed to include records under its control held by a third party. The complaint was found to be well founded.

• Whether Natural Resources Canada conducted a reasonable search for records
• Whether GPS data held by a third-party data storage company was under the control of Natural Resources Canada for the purposes of the Access to Information Act

The complainant alleged that the Department of Justice Canada (Justice) failed to conduct a reasonable search for records related to the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) conference and the Hughes Inquiry. Initially, Justice stated it could not locate any responsive records. However, during the OIC's investigation, it was discovered that Justice had not tasked the National Litigation Sector (NLS), which was identified as the most appropriate Office of Primary Interest. After being tasked, the NLS located over 40,000 pages of responsive records. The Commissioner concluded that Justice did not conduct a reasonable search and found the complaint to be well founded. The Commissioner also found Justice's estimated processing time of 55 months to be unreasonable and recommended a final response by September 4, 2023.

• Whether the Department of Justice Canada conducted a reasonable search for records
• Whether the National Litigation Sector (NLS) was appropriately tasked for the search
• Whether the institution's estimated processing time for the records was reasonable

The complainant alleged that Library and Archives Canada (LAC) failed to respond to an access request within the time limits stipulated by the Access to Information Act. LAC received a request for records concerning the LGBTQ community in the military and initially claimed a 565-day extension, which the OIC previously found to be valid. However, LAC missed this extended deadline, leading to the current complaint. The OIC found that LAC was in deemed refusal under subsection 10(3) of the Act, as it had not fully responded to the request by the extended due date. Despite having located over 9,000 pages of responsive material and providing an interim release, LAC had not completed its review or provided a final disclosure date, citing human resource issues and the COVID-19 pandemic. The Commissioner concluded that LAC had not adequately addressed the delay and ordered the institution to complete processing and respond forthwith.

• Whether Library and Archives Canada responded to the access request within the time limits set out in the Access to Information Act
• Whether Library and Archives Canada is in deemed refusal pursuant to subsection 10(3) of the Access to Information Act

The complainant alleged that the Department of National Defence (DND) improperly refused to process an access request for records of misconduct by an identified individual. DND argued that the request did not meet the requirements of section 6 of the Access to Information Act, claiming it lacked sufficient detail and that processing it would violate privacy principles. The Office of the Information Commissioner (OIC) found DND's arguments unconvincing, noting that the request clearly identified the subject and specified search parameters. The OIC clarified that the potential applicability of privacy exemptions (s.19) does not invalidate a request under s.6, and that the Access to Information Act takes precedence over the Privacy Act in this context. DND subsequently conceded that the request was valid and agreed to process it as worded. The OIC concluded that the complaint was well founded.

• Whether the access request provided sufficient detail to enable an experienced employee to identify records with reasonable effort under s.6 ATIA
• Whether the request for information about another individual invalidates a request under s.6 ATIA
• Whether the potential for s.19 ATIA exemption (personal information) affects the validity of a request under s.6 ATIA
• Whether the Privacy Act's restrictions on use and disclosure of personal information authorize refusal to process a request under the Access to Information Act

The complainant alleged that Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC) failed to conduct a reasonable search for a recording of a specific Microsoft Teams meeting and related communications. PSPC confirmed that while Microsoft Teams has recording capabilities, this function was not used for the meeting in question, and therefore no recording existed. The institution also stated that the meeting was informal and did not involve activities or decisions requiring record creation under its policies. The OIC's investigation found that PSPC tasked the appropriate program area and IT branch to search for the records, and re-tasked meeting attendees, but no responsive records were identified. The OIC concluded that PSPC took reasonable steps to identify and locate responsive records, even though none were found. Consequently, the complaint was deemed not well founded.

• Whether Public Services and Procurement Canada conducted a reasonable search for a recording of a Microsoft Teams meeting
• Whether Public Services and Procurement Canada conducted a reasonable search for communications regarding a Microsoft Teams meeting
• Whether there was an obligation for Public Services and Procurement Canada to create a record of the informal meeting

The complainant alleged that Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC) improperly withheld the names and service numbers of individuals awarded the Arctic Star under section 19(1) of the Access to Information Act. During the investigation, VAC initially released some information, acknowledging it did not meet the criteria for personal information, but continued to withhold other names and service numbers. The Information Commissioner determined that the names and service numbers fell under the exception to the definition of "personal information" in paragraph 3(j) of the Privacy Act, as they relate to an individual's position or functions as a government institution officer or employee. The Privacy Commissioner was consulted and agreed with this assessment. Consequently, the Commissioner concluded that the information did not meet the requirements for exemption under section 19(1). The complaint was found to be well founded, and VAC agreed to disclose the remaining names and service numbers.

• Whether the names and service numbers of Arctic Star recipients constitute "personal information" under s.19(1) ATIA
• Whether the information falls under the exception to the definition of "personal information" in paragraph 3(j) of the Privacy Act

The complainant alleged that Library and Archives Canada (LAC) claimed an unreasonable 29,200-day time extension to process an access request for Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) records on Project Anecdote. LAC identified 780,000 pages of paper and microfilm records, along with other media, as responsive. The Commissioner found that while the request involved a large volume of records and responding within 30 days would interfere with operations, LAC failed to demonstrate that the 29,200-day extension was reasonable. LAC did not adequately explain the link between its justifications and the extension's length, nor did it show that a shorter processing time would unreasonably interfere with operations. The Commissioner concluded that LAC's time extension was invalid, leading to a deemed refusal of access under subsection 10(3) of the Act. Despite the OIC's efforts over three years to assist LAC in establishing a reasonable timeframe, LAC did not provide a concrete plan or commitment to respond, even indicating it was not actively processing the request. The complaint was found to be well founded.

• Whether the request was for a large number of records or required searching through a large number of records under paragraph 9(1)(a)
• Whether meeting the 30-day deadline would unreasonably interfere with the institution’s operations under paragraph 9(1)(a)
• Whether the extension of time was for a reasonable period, given the circumstances, under paragraph 9(1)(a)
• Whether Library and Archives Canada was in deemed refusal pursuant to subsection 10(3) of the Access to Information Act

The complainant alleged that Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) improperly withheld information under several sections of the Access to Information Act related to a Request for Proposals (RFP). The OIC found that ECCC failed to properly exercise its discretion under subsection 19(2) regarding publicly available personal information and did not seek consent from individuals where appropriate. While ECCC's application of paragraph 21(1)(a) for evaluators' comments was upheld due to the specialized field and small number of competitors, the Commissioner found that certain financial and commercial information withheld under paragraphs 20(1)(b) and 20(1)(c) did not meet the exemption criteria, particularly where information was publicly available or absolute confidentiality was unreasonable for public funds. The complaint was found to be well founded, and ECCC agreed to implement the Commissioner's recommendations to disclose the identified information.

• Whether s.19(1) personal information exemption was properly applied
• Whether ECCC reasonably exercised discretion under s.19(2) for publicly available personal information
• Whether s.21(1)(a) advice or recommendations exemption was properly applied to evaluators' comments
• Whether ECCC reasonably exercised discretion under s.21(1)(a)
• Whether s.21(1)(b) accounts of consultations or deliberations exemption was properly applied
• Whether s.20(1)(c) financial impact on a third party exemption was properly applied to evaluators' comments
• Whether s.20(1)(c) financial impact on a third party exemption was properly applied to the lowest bid amount and per diem rate
• Whether s.20(1)(c) financial impact on a third party exemption was properly applied to the Response to the RFP
• Whether s.20(1)(b) confidential third-party financial, commercial, scientific or technical information exemption was properly applied to the lowest bid amount and per diem rate
• Whether s.20(1)(b) confidential third-party financial, commercial, scientific or technical information exemption was properly applied to the Response to the RFP
• Whether the information met the confidentiality criteria under s.20(1)(b)

The complainant alleged that Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) improperly refused to process an access request, claiming the records were outside its control. The request sought records related to a named employee, including dates of leave, job grade, letters of offer, and salary history. ESDC argued that because the records contained personal information of an individual other than the complainant, they were not under its control. The Office of the Information Commissioner (OIC) found that while the records were indeed personal information of a third party, they were nonetheless under ESDC's control as they related to institutional operations, employment purposes, and statutory requirements. Consequently, ESDC agreed to process the request and has since issued a response to the complainant. The OIC concluded that the complaint was well founded.

• Whether records containing personal information of a third party are "under the control" of the institution
• Whether the institution properly tasked Offices of Primary Interest to search for records
• Whether the records relate to institutional operations
• Whether the records are intended for employment-related purposes
• Whether the records fulfill a statutory requirement imposed on the institution

An institution applied to the Information Commissioner under subsection 6.1(1) of the Access to Information Act to decline to act on two access requests, arguing they were vexatious, made in bad faith, and an abuse of the right of access. The institution also claimed it had fulfilled its duty to assist the requester. The Commissioner found that the institution did not provide sufficient evidence to establish that the requests were vexatious, made in bad faith, or an abuse of the right of access. Specifically, the Commissioner found no evidence of duplication, improper motive, or undue burden. Furthermore, the Commissioner determined that the institution failed to demonstrate it had met its duty to assist obligations before seeking approval to decline the requests. Consequently, the Commissioner denied the institution's application, requiring it to process the access requests.

• Whether the requests were vexatious under s.6.1(1) ATIA
• Whether the requests were made in bad faith under s.6.1(1) ATIA
• Whether the requests constituted an abuse of the right of access under s.6.1(1) ATIA
• Whether the institution fulfilled its duty to assist obligations under s.4(2.1) ATIA

The Office of the Information Commissioner (OIC) received a complaint alleging that a federal institution failed to provide records in French in response to an access request. During the OIC's investigation, the institution translated the requested documents into French and provided them to the complainant. As the complainant subsequently received the documents in their preferred official language, the OIC determined that continuing the investigation was unnecessary. Consequently, the Information Commissioner ceased the investigation under paragraph 30(4)(b) of the Access to Information Act, which permits ceasing an investigation when it is no longer required due to the circumstances.

• Whether the institution failed to provide records in French
• Whether continuing the investigation was unnecessary under paragraph 30(4)(b) of the ATIA