Canadian privacy & access decisions

An anonymous complainant raised concerns that Microsoft Windows 10 defaulted several privacy settings to "on" during installation, and these settings were difficult to understand and change. The OPC investigated whether Microsoft obtained valid consent for collecting, using, and disclosing personal information via these default settings. Initial concerns about clarity and consistency were shared with Microsoft regarding the original Windows 10 version. Following the Creators Update, the OPC identified further issues, particularly regarding the meaningfulness of consent for Location, Diagnostics, Tailored Experiences, Relevant Ads, and Speech Recognition settings, noting confusion caused by conflating related practices. Microsoft cooperated and committed to implementing changes, including obtaining opt-in consent for all installation privacy settings, enhancing transparency, and correcting the functioning of Speech Recognition. The OPC found the complaint well-founded and conditionally resolved, pending Microsoft's implementation of these commitments by the end of 2018.

• Whether Microsoft obtained valid and meaningful consent for the collection, use, and disclosure of personal information through Windows 10 default privacy settings.
• Whether the initial Windows 10 (Version 1507) installation process provided sufficient prominence for customizing settings and adequate information via "Learn more" links.
• Whether the explanations for Advertising ID and Diagnostics settings in Version 1507 were clear, consistent, and comprehensive.
• Whether opt-out consent was appropriate for the Location setting in the Creators Update, and if Microsoft's explanations were sufficiently transparent regarding exceptions and the use of "de-identified location information."
• Whether "Full" Diagnostics should be the default setting, and if Microsoft's transparency regarding data collected at this level was adequate for meaningful consent.
• Whether Microsoft obtained valid consent for Tailored Experiences, particularly concerning the use of broad diagnostic data and the protection of sensitive information.
• Whether Microsoft's practices for Tailored Experiences complied with accountability requirements under Principle 4.1.4.
• Whether opt-out consent was appropriate for the Relevant Ads (Advertising ID) setting, and if Microsoft's communications clearly distinguished it from its own advertising program.
• Whether opt-out consent was appropriate for the Speech Recognition setting, given the sensitivity of voice data and its cloud-based nature.
• Whether Microsoft's explanations for Speech Recognition clearly distinguished between cloud-based and device-based functionality.
• Whether Microsoft consistently respected user choices regarding the Speech Recognition setting, especially when conflicting with Cortana settings.